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WAEC (WASSCE) Biology10 questions

WAEC Biology practice questions

Ten objective questions in the style of WAEC WASSCE Biology: cells, the kidney, circulation, plants, disease, nutrition, ecology and genetics, each with a clear explanation.

Original questions written by Studoli tutors in the style of the WAEC (WASSCE) exam. They are not official past questions.

  1. Topic: Cell biology

    1. Which organelle is the site of aerobic respiration?

    Solution

    C. Mitochondrion

    • Aerobic respiration releases energy from glucose using oxygen.
    • It takes place in the mitochondria, often called the powerhouse of the cell.

  2. Topic: Excretion

    2. The functional unit of the kidney is the

    Solution

    B. nephron

    • Each kidney contains about a million nephrons.
    • Nephrons filter the blood and form urine.

  3. Topic: Circulation

    3. Which blood vessel carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?

    Solution

    B. Pulmonary vein

    • The pulmonary vein carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium.
    • It is the only vein that carries oxygenated blood.

  4. Topic: Plant nutrition

    4. The process by which green plants manufacture food using light energy is

    Solution

    C. photosynthesis

    • Photosynthesis uses light, carbon dioxide and water to make glucose.
    • Oxygen is released as a by-product.

  5. Topic: Disease

    5. The vector of the malaria parasite is the

    Solution

    C. female Anopheles mosquito

    • Malaria is caused by Plasmodium.
    • It is transmitted by the bite of the female Anopheles mosquito.

  6. Topic: Nutrition

    6. A deficiency of vitamin C causes

    Solution

    B. scurvy

    • Vitamin C deficiency causes scurvy: bleeding gums and slow wound healing.
    • Rickets is vitamin D, beriberi is vitamin B1, night blindness is vitamin A.

  7. Topic: Ecology

    7. In the food chain grass, grasshopper, lizard, hawk, the lizard is a

    Solution

    C. secondary consumer

    • Grass is the producer and the grasshopper is the primary consumer.
    • The lizard eats the primary consumer, so it is the secondary consumer.

  8. Topic: Reproduction in plants

    8. Which part of a flower develops into the fruit after fertilisation?

    Solution

    B. Ovary

    • After fertilisation, the ovary becomes the fruit.
    • The ovules inside it become the seeds.

  9. Topic: Digestion

    9. The enzyme in saliva that begins the digestion of starch is

    Solution

    C. salivary amylase

    • Salivary amylase (ptyalin) breaks starch into maltose in the mouth.
    • Pepsin digests protein in the stomach; lipase digests fats.

  10. Topic: Genetics

    10. Two heterozygous tall plants (Tt) are crossed. What is the expected ratio of tall to dwarf offspring?

    Solution

    C. 3 : 1

    • Possible offspring: TT, Tt, Tt and tt.
    • T is dominant, so TT and Tt are tall: 3 tall to 1 dwarf.
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